October 30, 2009 (September 13) Jichou, bombs and one satellite fathers Qian Xuesen passed away.





"father of space technology" Qian's death "target =" _blank "> of Qian Xuesen
Qian Xuesen (1911 to 2009), the famous Chinese scientists in 1911 in December Born in Shanghai in the 11th, and in 1934 graduated from the Mechanical Engineering Department of Shanghai Jiaotong University, 1935 to the United States to study aeronautical engineering and aerodynamics, in 1938, his Ph.D. degree from California Institute of Technology. stay after lecturer, professor in the United States began to fight in 1950 return to the motherland, persecution by the U.S. government and loss of freedom, after the five years before returning to the motherland in 1955, and the longtime rocket missiles and spacecraft technology developed leadership positions (l $ j��.c��) in 1958 from the former China Association for Science and Technology Honorary Chairman of the rank.
1911 December 11, 2011 Born in Shanghai
1929-1934 years learning in the Mechanical Engineering Department of Shanghai Jiaotong University and graduated in 1934 from the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Railway mechanical engineering. (1 $ dj��.c��m)
Qian Xuesen while studying in attendance with his father photo
1934 was admitted to Tsinghua University, aircraft design professionals at public expense in America.
1934-1935 years to Hangzhoujianqiao Aircraft Factory internship, went to Nanjing, Nanchang Air Force aircraft repair plant trainee last visit to Beijing Tsinghua University and visiting instructors WANG Shi-Cho-In 1935, Qian Xuesen U.S. Yusen boat ride away from Shanghai, the country with the ship of the U.S. students The Xu Zhilun summer Peregrine Tudor to the United States into the MIT Department of Aeronautics.
1936 the Qian Xuesen transfer to the California Institute of Technology, began with the teachers and students of Professor Von Karman (von Karman) first after a close collaborator friendship Qian Xuesen participated in rocket research team led by Ma Linna, under the guidance of the Von Karman, to study the thermodynamics of the rocket engine problem with Malin Na, etc. with sounding rockets and long-range rocket problems, and participated in the same year, Several experimental rocket, Early American storable liquid propellant sounding rocket in 1945 as "female corporal" and "Corporal" missile development work.
1937 In the fall introduced by Ma Linna Qian Sen participated in the study group when the California Institute of Marxism-Leninism, the group's secretary, have knowledge of Chemical Physics, assistant researcher the S Weiyinbaomu (Weinbaum). Xuesen and Feng
1938 Carmen can be carried out in cooperation compression flow boundary layer, reveals that even if a movement of the thermal body with the external cold air in a flight Mach considerable temperature difference, the cooling of the object is still inverter for heating, which is due to the air is compressed, the temperature rose high and boundary layer heat transfer rate increases. Qian Xuesen and Von Karman given Mach number of this inverter formula work at the California Institute of Technology doctoral thesis was completed in June
1939 The four high-speed aerodynamic research papers, obtaining a doctorate in aviation and mathematics, he served as an assistant researcher of the California Institute of Technology Department of Aeronautics same year, Qian Xuesen published research on compressible liquid two subsonic flow As a result, in 1941, Von Karman published research on aerodynamics Squeezing. role of compression on the wing, they jointly proposed a more general amendment without disturbance is very small this assumption, and based on the result of their amended another linear, so that it can be applied to high-speed flow, especially the forces applied to calculate the forces acting on the airfoil Carmen Qian Xuesen method can give satisfactory results within a speed range of the flow equations .
1940 due to the the king help of recommended, Qian Xuesen Chengdu Institute of Aeronautics communication researcher, wrote an article entitled "The high-speed airflow mutation of determination monograph, published in the second number of the report from 1940, Qian Xuesen and Von Karman cooperation, the study of the theory of nonlinear buckling on aircraft metal shell structure made a series of achievements, including the buckling of a spherical shell of external pressure, the curvature of the structure buckling characteristics impact, buckling of cylindrical shells under axial compression, lateral nonlinear support column buckling, as well as the curvature of the shell buckling load.
1941 from Canada to several Boxer Indemnity students: Guo Yonghuai, Lin Jiaqiao, Fu CY, again in 1942 Weichang, Qian Xuesen, close and they get along, often together to discuss various issues.
1942 Qian Xuesen's research work has been achieved, and teach some of the students, while temporarily relax the restrictions on foreigners due to the needs of the U.S. wartime military scientific research, he was able to participate in the work of confidentiality in the same year, the U.S. military commissioned held at the California Institute of Technology Jet Technology Training Course (? v history today?? com) Qian Xuesen, a teacher.
1944 U.S. Army that Germany developed the V-2 rocket intelligence, then entrusted the Professor Feng Kamen leadership, horse Lingner as vice vigorously study the long-range rocket. primitive type "Corporal" missile design, Qian Xuesen in charge of the theory group, Lin Jiaqiao the chang are also invited, ballistics analysis, combustion chamber heat conduction and combustion theory research. Qian also when Aerojet Corporation (Aerojet Company) technical adviser.
1945 when Von Karman was hired by the Air Force Scientific Advisory regiment when he nominated Qian Xuesen members in May of the same year, the Second World War on the eve of (lssjt.cn) Qian Xuesen with the scientific advisory group to go to Europe to study in Britain, Germany, France and other countries aeronautics research, especially in the development of rocket technology in France and Germany Professor Feng Kamen, when Caltech elevate him as an associate professor. During this period, he made valuable experience in Modern Mechanics and Jet Propulsion scientific research become outstanding scientists prestigious.
1946 summer to resign due to differences with the California Institute of Technology authorities, as Von Karman students, Qian Xuesen also left the California Institute of Technology, to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology associate professor, designed to teach aerodynamics graduate students in the same year rarefied gas physical, chemical and mechanical properties of combined research, this pioneering work. same year and Guo Yonghuai cooperation, "dimensional compressible Asia, supersonic mixing flow and upper critical Mach number to complete the important papers, was first introduced in transonic flow problems concept of the upper and lower critical Mach number.
1947 the beginning of the year, 36-year-old Qian Xuesen into the ranks of full professor of the Massachusetts Institute of young in summer, (history today www.lssdjt.com) Qian Xuesen to Massachusetts The college authorities leave to visit home in mid-September and married Jiang Ying Qian and Jiang Ying
1947 wedding photos in Shanghai
1948 the Fatherland Liberation career victory in sight, Qian Xuesen began to prepare to return home, he was required to withdraw from the U.S. Air Force Scientific Advisory Group
1949, Qian Xuesen receive an associate professor in the Institute of Metal Research, University of Chicago researcher, studied in the U.S. Chinese scientists Association of the United States District responsible for Ge court flint to write a letter, (l $ dj��.��r��) turn to Professor Cao Richang May 14, 1949 letter addressed to Qian Xuesen, the Qian Xuesen more stepped up back to the motherland preparation.
1949 In the fall Qian Xuesen returned to the California Institute of Technology from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology office Jet Propulsion technology professor
in 1950, the U.S. government decided to cancel Qian Xuesen's eligibility to participate in confidential research grounds that he was a friend and Weiyinbaomu relationship, and accused of Qian Xuesen, the American Communist Party members, and illegal immigrants. the Qian Xuesen Then immediately decided to return home to visit relatives in the name ready gone, but when his family will be starting (history www.TodayOnHistory com) Qian Xuesen detained up two weeks later colleague bail out, but continue to be subject to immigration restrictions and the FBI spy monitoring, is stranded five years.
1953 in the United States Government persecution Qian Xuesen years, in addition to teaching and doing research work, academic research has not given up that year, he formally proposed the concept of the physical and mechanical advocate from the microscopic laws of the substance to determine its macro-mechanical characteristics, and the development of high temperature and pressure new areas.
in 1954 with groundbreaking research engineering cybernetics, "a book published in the United States.
current June 1955 day, Qian Xuesen couple to get rid of the spy monitoring (history today TodayOnHistory.com) a write a small cigarette paper to send in the Belgian relatives home book, entrained in a letter to Mr. Chen Shutong request motherland to help him to an early return. Aug. 1, the Sino-US ambassadorial talks in Geneva, Ambassador Wang Ping-nan to Qian Xuesen this letter is based on, forcing the U.S. government have to allow the Qian Xuesen from return home. Oct. 8, Qian Xuesen, a reach Hong Kong, the same day across borders, and returned to the motherland by warm welcome and attentive care of the party and the government. November, Qian and Qian Weichang cooperation to build the Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, December 27, (historical www.lssdjt.com) Traces of Marshal Peng instructions detail listened Xuesen views on how the development of rocket technology.
1956 January 5 mechanics are established, Qian Xuesen any first director. February 17, Premier Zhou encouraged by the L $ dj��.c��m] Qian Xuesen, wrote to the State Council on the establishment of China's defense and aviation industry submissions April 13, the State Council set up a Marshal Nie Director Aviation Industry Committee, Qian Xuesen was appointed as a member of the same year in the spring, the state developed a Science and Technology Development Vision Plan 1956-1967 identified 57 important national scientific and technical tasks. (history www.TodayOnHistory.com) Qian Xuesen 37 jet and rocket technology planning presided, and the completion of in Bi, Shen Yuan, Ren Xinmin other cooperation May 10, Marshal Nie's preliminary views on the establishment of China's missile research and recommended, in missile Authority established under the Aviation Industry Committee, Qian Xuesen, chief engineer, to build a missile Institutes of Qian Xuesen dean October 8 (on com) just in Qian Xuesen return to the motherland anniversary day, Marshal Nie personally presided over the inaugural ceremony of the five branches of this day and 156 university graduates missiles Professional Education Course Commencement Day, Qian Xuesen Speaker "missile Introduction".
; Qian Xuesen initiative in 1957, the establishment of the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, Qian was unanimously elected as the first president of Premier Zhou Enlai signed an order on February 18, the appointment of Qian Xuesen for the Department of Defense Fifth Academy of the first a dean. November 16, appointed by the Premier Zhou Qian Xuesen concurrently a Branch Director of the Department of Defense Fifth Academy of the same year, Qian Xuesen book "Engineering Cybernetics" won the first prize in the Natural Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences Award by the by-election for the Chinese Academy of Sciences academician in June this year, the Chinese Association of Automation Preparatory Committee set up in Beijing, Qian Xuesen director members. September of the same year, the international self-control, together the inaugural meeting of elected Qian Xuesen first session IFAC Council executive director.
1958 May 29, 2011, Marshal Nie together with Huang Kecheng, Qian Xuesen deployment of a short-range missile manufacturing the same year, the Chinese Academy of Sciences set up for the group to Qian Xuesen long, Zhao Jiuzhang, Wei a clear, deputy head of the Leading Group, responsible for construction of satellites and launch vehicle and satellite detection instruments and space physics, design, research institutions the same year, Qian Xuesen of China University of Science and Technology Department of Modern Mechanics. Du Runsheng, Yang Gangyi
1959, The Qian Xuesen joined the Communist Party of China under the personal guidance of 15 at the scene of the Marshal Nie
in 1960, Zhang Aiping, director, SUN first, [l $ j��.c��] Committee of Qian Xuesen, Wang Zheng, deputy director of the test, China's Jiuquan launch site successful organization of manufacturing a short-range missile flight test. (lsjt.net)
1961 he edited "the physical mechanics handouts" officially published June interstellar voyage organized by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the first symposium of Qian Xuesen, published a paper entitled "Today the interstellar voyage rocket power in the Soviet Union and the United States its Outlook lecture. the inaugural meeting of the Chinese Association of Automation, representatives unanimously elected Qian Xuesen first chairman (lsjt.org)
established the Chinese Academy of Sciences 1963 the interstellar voyage Committee led by Kezhen, Pei Lisheng, Qian Xuesen, Zhao Jiuzhang. In June 1964, our own design and short-range missiles, the success of the flight test January 8
in 1965, Qian Xuesen formal report to the state, recommended for early development of satellite research plan, and included in the national tasks in later years, Qian Xuesen wisdom to solve many of the key technical issues of satellites developed contribution of the same year, the Qian Xuesen any Seventh Deputy Minister of Industry. [L $ dj�� c��m] Qian Xuesen assist
1966 October 27, 2010, Marshal Nie, headed directly at the Jiuquan launch site in combination with a short-range missiles carrying atomic bomb "two bombs" flight experiment was a complete success. < ; br> 1968 Qian Xuesen serve as the first president of the China Institute for Space Research (history www.lssdjt.com) Qian Xuesen, deputy director of the Science and Technology Committee of the National Defense
in 1970. 4 24 May weight of 173kg of China's first artificial satellite was successfully launched. Qian Xuesen and launch base leaders delivered a warm speech at the scene. "51" International Day evening, Chairman Mao Zedong and Premier Zhou Enlai in Tiananmen Square met with Qian Xuesen, Ren Xinmin on to participate in the first satellite project developed by representatives of the organization and management of technology - systems engineering
in 1978, Qian Xuesen published papers on Operations Research the (lssdjt.cn)
, systems engineering and system analysis of scientific activities in China's prosperity, had a very positive impact. Qian Xuesen won the California Institute of Technology "
1979 Distinguished Alumni Award. In 1982, Qian Xuesen, Ren, deputy director of the Defense Science, Technology and Industry Committee of Science and Technology Committee. (�Ө�d��y����h�� $ �Ө�ry.c��m) Qian is the Communist Party of China the ninth, tenth, eleventh, the Twelfth National Congress and the Central alternate member of the Committee. the Qian Xuesen waiting "On System Engineering" was published in November the Qian Xuesen due to the contribution of China's strategic missile technology,
1985, as the first winners, and Tu Shou Ngok, Yaotong Bin, Hao complex Jian, Liang Sili, Zhuang Fenggan, Li Xu E were the national scientific and technological progress.
1986, the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), the sixth four Qian Xuesen as vice chairman of the National Committee co-opted months After the Second National Congress of the China Association for Science and Technology in June 27, 1986, unanimously elected Qian Xuesen Chairman of the China Association for Science and Technology. ($ dj��.c��m)
1989 June 29, 2010, held in New York, in the United States 1989 International Technology and Technology Exchange Conference granted Qian Xuesen "Willard, the WF a small Rockwell (Rockwell, Jr.) Medal" and "world-class science and engineering celebrity", "International Institute study title of the honorary members ", in recognition of his rocket missile technology, space technology and systems engineering theory made significant pioneering contributions
in 1991, the State Council, the Central Military Commission granted his" outstanding contribution to national scientists "Medal of honorary titles and a heroic model. Honorary Chairman of China Association for Science and Technology in the same year. September 18, 2011
in 1999, the CPC Central Committee, the State Council, the Central Military Commission awarded him the" bombs and one satellite "Meritorious Medal < ; br> "Qian Xuesen manuscripts (1938 to 1955)" published. (L $ dj��.c��m)
2001 was awarded the second session of the the Henry Fok bonus Committee awarded "Fok Ying Tung Excellence Award (China Region International Numbering)
examined and approved by the Nomenclature Committee of the International Minor Planet Center and the International asteroid, discovered by the Purple Mountain Observatory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences 3763 asteroid, (Lssdjt.com) officially named "Qian Xuesen Star [TodayinHistory.cn]
"On the macro-building and micro-architecture" publication published (TodayinHistory.cn)
sixth industrial revolution in the communication set. (history cn)
"create systematics published
in 2009 10 30 Beijing's death, at the age of 98 years old.