October 31, 1958 (September 19) Reform Movement, Pasternak, author of "Doctor Zhivago", refused to accept the Nobel Prize. In Reference 1958 October 31, 2010, the Soviet writer Boris Basseterre ng forced refused by the Nobel literature prize. Although he said he is "voluntarily refuse to accept" in a letter to the Swedish Academy, but the West believe that the Soviet government forced him to reject by. His novel "Doctor Zhivago," the Russian Revolution as the background, and criticism of the Soviet ideology.

Pasternak was born in Moscow on February 10, 1890. Father Leonid Osipovich is a professor at the Moscow School of art, sculpture, architecture, famous painter, (L $ dj��.����T) who works painted illustrations of Tolstoy. The mother is a famous pianist, Rubinstein students. The hobnobbing with parents Austrian poet Rainer Maria Rilke inspired by his love of poetry, a favorite poet of his life. by a neighbor's childhood
Pasternak, [l $ j��.c��] the influence of the famous Russian composer Scriabin ambition to become a musician, learning music theory and composition at the Academy of Music under the guidance of Professor. In 1909, he was into the Law Faculty of the Moscow State University and later transferred to the Department of Philosophy of History, and went to the University of Marburg, Germany, in the summer of 1912, under the guidance of Professor Cohen studied German philosophy, the new study of Kant's doctrine. During the First World War to return home, not military service due to health reasons, the Urals a factory when the clerk. After the October Revolution
Pasternak from the Urals to return to Moscow, he was to educate the people, a member of the library staff. In 1913, he began with future poets exchanges, "Lyric Poetry" in their magazine issue published in anthologies, and get to know the Bobuluofu and Mayakovsky. His creation is also influenced by the futuristic. In 1914, the advent of Pasternak's first collection of poems, "Gemini" in the clouds, in 1916, he published the second volume of poems "above the barricade into the poetry. In the 10 years from 1922 to 1932, he published a series of books of poetry, fiction and prose poetry. 1934 in Soviet first writers Congress on, [TodayinHistory.cn] Bukharin tree Pasternak is a model of the poet to his replace Mayakovsky and do Germany. But Pasternak was not era beach-goers kind of writer, unable to adapt to the needs of the times, a year after the death of Mayakovsky replaced. In 1958, for his novel "Doctor Zhivago" severely condemned, leads a solitary life. May 20, 1960, he died in a home in the outskirts of Moscow ���нܶ���ŵ. Change the fate of love
Pasternak was born in the artistic atmosphere of family, childhood edification by family, fluent in three languages, English, German, French, European literary and artistic attainments deep. He unsociable, old man out.
family, Pasternak equally lonely. Nye House, his second wife, although decidedly hesitate to leave her ex-husband to physically and mentally dedicate it to him, but the differences of cultural accomplishment so she can not be with him in spirit resonate. In 1946, Pasternak became acquainted with Evans Kaya. Pasternak has been Evans Kaya's beloved poet, the idol of her eyes to see him excited. Pasternak Evans the Kaya Chaochen pull vulgar beauty shock. The two met each other to change their fate, Evans Kaya gone through many hardships, Pasternak prematurely into the grave. Evans Kaya was 34 years old, Pasternak 56 years old, but the age difference did not hinder them love. October 9, 1949, the police arrested Evans Kaya, on charges she forged power of attorney together Osipov, deputy editor of the "Spark Illustrated. Coupling interrogators to her trial, the bright lights overnight front of her eyes, let her sleep, has been torturing her three days and nights, to force her to explain the words and deeds of the "Jew" anti-Soviet. Pasternak was Jewish interrogators called him "Jew". Later, interrogators discovered that she was pregnant, she no longer trial, put her into Poti horse camps. Her with other female laborers with a pickaxe planing to abortion, which she and Pasternak children. Evans Kaya in labor camps for 5 years, was released in 1953. Evans Kaya in labor camps during Pasternak could not contact her, every time they'd rather die recalled what they had together, write a lot of miss her, praise her poems.
Evans Kaya release, closer relations between the two, Evans Kaya Pasternak gentle lover or a staunch supporter of his career. Lara's image can be said that they work together to create, Evans Kaya experience has enriched the image of Lara. Involved in shaping the image of the image of the prototype are also rare in the history of literature. Since then, all Pasternak published the matter rests Evans Kaya bear. Pasternak's wife Chennai House incompetence. Pasternak with the attitude of these two women's Doctor Zhivago East Eugenia wife and lover Lara attitude as his wife feel guilty, Indecision divorced with her, and therefore can not Evans ska combined with Ya formal. In 1957, Italian publisher �Ѷ��������� through Evans Kaya read the manuscript of "Doctor Zhivago" and appreciate the merit, the manuscript back to Italy, and published in the end of the year, "Doctor Zhivago" The translation of the Italian text, then reappeared a translation of the English, German, French and other languages, "Doctor Zhivago" became the best-selling book of the 1958 Western. Pasternak therefore become the target of public criticism in the country. The only Evans Kaya Pasternak loyalty, prophecy novels sooner or later the Soviet people to accept and to come forward and are taking on all the responsibility himself. In order to love, to give up to October 23, 1958, the Swedish Academy announced the 1958 Nobel Prize for Literature awarded Pasternak, the authorities forced him to publicly declare that the denial of the Nobel Prize for Literature. Pasternak refused to make a statement. Increasing pressure Pasternak, but he still did not yield. In the Writers' Association of the Bureau in a letter, he wrote: "No force can I refuse someone give me --- a contemporary writer living in Russia, that the honor of the Soviet writer ---. You can shoot me, I exile ... after a few years you will have rehabilitated. "Pasternak, 31, in Evans Kaya by telephone, immediately to the post office to the Swedish Academy a telegram, declined the Nobel Prize, at the same time, he requested that the recovery Evans Kaya work.
Pasternak in order to defend the honor not fear death and exile, but the honor was eclipsed in love before. Evans Kaya from persecution, at the expense of Boris Pasternak. Life to death, a series of violent blow Pasternak physical and mental cross-weary, depressed, living alone in the village of the writer, from time to time the onset of heart disease, it is difficult to go out. Chennai House not allowed Evan Kaya, into their house, rarely meet both of them can not even communicate the message. May 30, 1960, Boris Pasternak Passed the death. The Chennai House are not allowed to Evans Kaya with him farewell Evans Kaya night in front of the station, Xu Xiangqian mobile coffin last far looked only at the back of the crowd. Her V to all burning, collapsed to the ground. (History Today www.lssdjt.com)
Pasternak's death, Evans Kaya with the 20-year-old daughter, Irina was arrested on charges of passing the manuscript and receiving huge amounts of royalties to foreign. Evans Kaya Apart from the publishers of Italy in Moscow to see "Doctor Zhivago" manuscript, never passed abroad any manuscript unclaimed royalties even more kopecks a. But she is still being sentenced to four years in prison, Irina was sentenced to two years in prison.